Aortic Aneurysm: Signs, Symptoms, and Long-Term Management


Types of Aortic Aneurysms

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA): Occurs in the lower part of the aorta, within the abdomen.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA): Occurs in the chest, affecting the portion of the aorta closer to the heart.

Common Signs and Symptoms

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Symptoms:

A pulsating sensation in the abdomen
Deep, constant abdominal or back pain
Pain in the buttocks, groin, or legs

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm (TAA) Symptoms:

Chest pain or pressure
Difficulty breathing or swallowing
Hoarseness due to pressure on the vocal cords
Pain radiating to the upper back

Red Flag / Danger Signs

If an aneurysm ruptures, it is a life-threatening emergency. Seek immediate medical care if you experience:

Sudden, severe chest or abdominal pain
A tearing or ripping sensation in the chest or back
Severe shortness of breath
Rapid heart rate, dizziness, or loss of consciousness

These symptoms may signal rupture or dissection, which require urgent surgery.


Risk Factors

Several factors increase the risk of developing an aortic aneurysm:

Age: More common in individuals over 60
Gender: Men are at higher risk, though women are more likely to have ruptures
Family history of aneurysms
High blood pressure
Smoking
High cholesterol and atherosclerosis
Connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome)

Long-Term Management and Monitoring

Regular imaging tests (ultrasound, CT, or MRI) to monitor aneurysm size
Blood pressure control with medications such as beta-blockers or ACE inhibitors
Cholesterol management with statins if necessary
Lifestyle changes: quitting smoking, healthy diet, and regular exercise
Scheduled checkups to assess aneurysm growth and overall vascular health

Monitoring Parameters

Size of the aneurysm: Growth beyond 5.0–5.5 cm in diameter usually requires surgical intervention.
Growth rate: An increase of >0.5 cm per year is concerning.
Blood pressure and cholesterol levels: Keeping these under control reduces risk.
Symptoms: New or worsening pain should always be evaluated.

Treatment Options

Elective surgical repair: Recommended for large aneurysms or those growing rapidly.
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR/TEVAR): A minimally invasive option using a stent graft.
Open surgery: Required for certain large or complex aneurysms.

Why Early Detection Matters


How MobileCareNJ Can Help

Monitor blood pressure, cholesterol, and other risk factors
Order and review imaging tests
Provide ongoing follow-up for aneurysm size and symptoms
Coordinate with specialists if surgical intervention is required
Deliver compassionate, patient-centered care without the stress of frequent clinic visits

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